About the whole process of pyrometallurgical refining of cathode copper

Mining is the whole process of separating iron ore and waste rock, and the iron ore after the cathode copper is separated is transported to the beneficiation plant for beneficiation. The whole process of copper concentrate, including crushing, flotation, separation, concentration, de-drying and other steps. The ball mill is ground into powder and enters into the flotation cell. Add chemicals into the flotation cell, and the flotation machine continues to mix, the metal material adheres to the foamed plastic established after mixing, the foamed plastic is suspended on the surface of the cell, and the metal material follows the foam. The plastic is injected into the tank on the edge of the flotation tank to be separated. The separated pulp is concentrated and filtered in a way of drying, and then copper concentrate is established. Through this whole process, the copper content can be increased by 0.5% of the original ore. to 30% (in dry state).

Smelting is to smelt copper concentrate into qualified anode copper, including pre-drying, flash smelting, converter blowing, anodizing furnace refining and anodizing casting. After pre-drying, the moisture of the ore is reduced to below 13% ; After drying, the moisture of the ore is reduced to below 3%. The product after smelting in the flash furnace is called "matte", liquid, with a copper content of 50%--75%, mixed with sulfur. The "matte" is blown by the converter The smelted product is "blister copper" with a copper content of about 98.5%. The blister copper is refined in an anodizing furnace and cast through a disc casting machine to create anode copper. The appearance of anode copper is similar to that of cathode copper, but the surface lacks luster , the thickness is usually 2-3 times that of the cathode copper, which is the anodic oxidation in the electrolysis method in the next process.

The cathode copper electrolysis method is based on the basic principle of oxidation-reduction reaction. The anodized copper electrolysis method enters the electrolyte and becomes Cu ions. The Cu ions are positively charged and flow into the cathode. Attached to the cathode, the purity of the cathode copper is higher than that of anodization. Usually after ten to 2 days (the reaction cycle time of the cathode) electrolysis reaction, the copper on the cathode is the so-called "cathode copper". The reflection cycle time of anodization is 2 Ten and 4 days. The cathode copper just released is brick red, the surface is flat and bright, and the copper content is over 99.95%. The anode copper contains various elements. After electrolysis, these elements are in the anode. It is oxidized and deposited to become "anode slime". The anode slime can be processed to obtain by-products such as gold, silver, crude selenium, and refined tellurium. Production. There are 3 kinds of starting pole pieces: ① Made of cathode copper, this kind of starting pole piece becomes the part of cathode copper after electrolysis; ② Titanium plate; ③ Stainless steel plate. The latter two kinds of cathode copper can be reused many times.